Ethylene Oxide
Ethylene oxide (EtO) is a flammable, colourless gas or liquid that has a sweet odour. The odour threshold is very high – if it can be smelled, it is already well beyond toxic levels. EtO can sometimes be confused with ether, a common and far less dangerous solvent. At room temperature, EtO is usually a gas. Under 10 degrees Celsius, it can exist as a liquid. In high concentrations, EtO can be very explosive. EtO is found in the production of solvents, antifreeze, textiles, detergents, adhesives, polyurethane foam, and pharmaceuticals. Smaller amounts are present in fumigants, sterilant for spices and cosmetics, as well as during hospital sterilization of surgical equipment.